Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR)
Kyriakos Kefalas, Emmanuil Manousos
Three generations of satellites leaded to an ever more accurate sky map of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR), at roughly 10 year intervals.
Cobe Satellite (artist’s conception)
Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) (artist’s conception)
Planck Satellite (artist’s conception)(i)
The Planck satellite delivered measurements of great accuracy for the variation of the CMBR, the flatness of the universe and the temperature differences between the Northern and Southern hemispheres of the universe. It confirmed previous less accurate measurements of its predecessors COBE and WMAP.
The standard cosmological model (SCM) needs the “inflation hypothesis” to justify the flatness of the universe, while the temperature difference between the two hemispheres cannot be justified. In contrast all three of these cosmological data are predicted by the equations of the Theory of Selfvariations (TSV) and its cosmological model, the selfvariating universe (SVU).
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Resolution of the CMBR maps for all three satellites
CMBR map of the entire sky from WMAP satellite(ii)
CMBR map of the entire sky from Planck satellite
In particular the SVU equations directly predict the flatness of the universe since they assert that the total energy content of the universe is zero. They also account for the variations of the CMBR and the temperature difference between the two hemispheres, via the variation of the ‘SV space-dependent electric charge potential’ which affects the electric charge selfvariation and thus the absolute value of the electric charge of the particles of matter.
See also
- Introduction to the Theory of Selfvariations (TSV)
- The cosmological redshift of distant astronomical objects as a result of a fundamental principle of nature
Further reading
- Manousos, E. (2014). Selfvariations vs Standard Cosmological Model Using as Criterion the Cosmological Data. GJSFR-A, 14(2):35-41
- Manousos, E. (2013). On the absence of antimatter from the universe, dark matter, the fine structure parameter, the fluctuations of the cosmic microvave background radiation and the temperature difference between the northern and southern hemisphere of the universe. Physics International 4.2 : 120-134. DOI : 10.3844/pisp.2013.120.134
- Manousos, E. (2013). Cosmological data could have a microscopic, not macroscopic, cause. American Journal of Space Science 1 :10-21. DOI : 10.3844/ajssp.2013.9.21
Photo credits
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory
- “Ilc 9yr moll4096” by NASA / WMAP Science Team